{"id":71896,"date":"2017-09-29T16:22:56","date_gmt":"2017-09-29T16:22:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scantec.it\/engl\/?p=71896"},"modified":"2017-12-29T07:47:41","modified_gmt":"2017-12-29T07:47:41","slug":"risks-related-to-aor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scantec.it\/en\/artificial-optical-radiation\/risks-related-to-aor\/","title":{"rendered":"Risks related to AOR"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An assessment of the risk caused by the optical radiation is useful to know the peculiarities of this particular form of pollution.<br \/>\nAlso the light (always considered a clean source, renewable and the origin of all natural process of life) if not carefully treated, could be a risk for human health.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>SCANTEC\u2019s task, using new technologies, assesses what might happen if the light is exploited or it is used incorrectly.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Pollution caused by an excessive use of light causes damage both psychologically, one just may think about the light pollution in our cities and mutations of the biorhythm of plants, animals and even human; and physically, headaches, eyes burn , glare and many other damages caused by the exposure to artificial light sources, we will focus on this second point.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #e0481c;\">The danger of the sources ROA is related to the energy emitted by the source, radiation exposure received by the worker, time of exposure, wavelength, manner of use, and the effects on the skin, even the photosensitivity of the exposed individual.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Risks in this case are indirect:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Over-exposure to visible light: temporary visual disorders such as glare, disorientation and temporary blinding;<\/li>\n<li>Risk of fire and explosion triggered by the sources themselves and or the radiation beam;<\/li>\n<li>Additional risks associated with devices and processes that use AOR such as heat stress, contact with hot surfaces, electrical hazards, explosions or fire as in the case of the use of high-power laser etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Main effects of AOR on human body:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Spectral bands<\/th>\n<th>Eyes<\/th>\n<th>Skin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Ultraviolet C (100 \u0173m to 280 \u0173m)<\/td>\n<td>Photokeratitis Photoconjunctivitis<\/td>\n<td>Erythema<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ultraviolet B (280 \u0173m to 315 nm)<\/td>\n<td>Photokeratitis Photoconjunctivitis<\/td>\n<td>Erythema<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ultraviolet A (315 \u0173m to 400 \u0173m)<\/td>\n<td>Photochemistry Cataract<\/td>\n<td>Photosensitivity reaction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Visible (400 \u0173m to 780 \u0173m)<\/td>\n<td>Thermal and photochemical injury of the retina<\/td>\n<td>Photosensitivity reaction<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Infrared A (780 \u0173m to 1400 \u0173m)<\/td>\n<td>Cataract Burning of the retina<\/td>\n<td>Burning of the skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Infrared B (1400 to 3000 \u0173m)<\/td>\n<td>Cataract Burning of the retina<\/td>\n<td>Burning of the skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Infrared C (3000 \u0173m to 1 mm)<\/td>\n<td>Burning of the cornea<\/td>\n<td>Burning of the skin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The effects can be divided according to spectral bands that cause them, and also to the time of exposure. The division may be:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Short-term effects or of acute exposure with latency times within hours, days; in this case it is possible to establish the &#8220;threshold dose&#8221; below that any effects do not occur;<\/li>\n<li>Long-term effects or from chronic exposure with latency time over months or years; these are due to phenomena of different origin from the causes of the acute effects and the probability of encountering them is higher along with increasing dose accumulation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #e0481c;\">The previous table describes the effects of optical radiation on eyes and skin.<\/span><\/h5>\n<p>We briefly describe the effects on them:<\/p>\n<h4>Effects on eyes<\/h4>\n<p>Eyes are always exposed to light and they depend on it to see. But not all radiations emitted are positive and useful to see, there are some radiation that can cause risks to the eyes, for example infrared and ultraviolet radiation.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The eye can be defined as a set of filters that can absorb and filter certain wavelength.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The damage produced depends on:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>From the absorbed dose;<\/li>\n<li>From the characteristics and the absorption capacity of the affected tissues;<\/li>\n<li>The ability to repair the damage.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>We summarize the most relevant harmful effects on eyes structure without defences:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Photokeratitis Photoconjunctivitis (180\u00f7330 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Damage to the crystalline lens that can accelerate the onset of cataracts (290 \u00f7 340 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Damage to the retina on highly sensitive people (300\u00f7550nm).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Effects on skin<\/h4>\n<p>Acute or chronic exposure to optical radiation can cause the following effects:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Effect associated with photo-aging of the skin (220\u00f7440 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Cutaneous photo-carcinogenesis (270\u00f7400 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Erythema (200\u00f7400 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Phototoxic and photo allergic reactions (280\u00f7400 nm);<\/li>\n<li>Immunosuppression (250\u00f7400 nm);<\/li>\n<li>True adaptive pigmentation (tanning) (200\u00f7400 nm).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An assessment of the risk caused by the optical radiation is useful to know the peculiarities of this particular form of pollution. Also the light (always considered a clean source, renewable and the origin of all natural process of life) if not carefully treated, could be a risk for human health. SCANTEC\u2019s task, using new [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":72270,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Risks related to AOR | Scantec<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Una valutazione del rischio causato dalle radiazioni ottiche \u00e8 utile al fine di conoscere le peculiarit\u00e0 di questa particolare forma di inquinamento\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scantec.it\/en\/artificial-optical-radiation\/risks-related-to-aor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta 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